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Licksun Company Limited v Occupiers of Lot No. 552

Court
District Court
Jurisdiction
Hong Kong
Decided
2025-08-08
AI tool
Implied
Outcome
—
Monetary penalty
None reported

What was hallucinated

Fabricated: Case Law | One of six authorities lodged by the Plaintiff was found not to exist; court described it as suspiciously incomplete and the Plaintiff abandoned reliance. || Fabricated: Case Law | A second lodged authority was found not to exist; court noted counsel for 2nd Defendant had identified six non-existent authorities. || Fabricated: Case Law | A third lodged authority was found to be non-existent or incomplete; Plaintiff's representative did not contradict the point at hearing. || Fabricated: Case Law | A fourth lodged authority was identified as not actually existing; Court recorded unnecessary time spent researching nonexistent cases. || Fabricated: Case Law | A fifth lodged authority was found to be suspiciously incomplete/non-existent; Plaintiff said the list was prepared by a non-legally trained employee. || Fabricated: Case Law | A sixth lodged authority was found not to exist; Court concluded the lodging of these authorities had the effect of misleading the court.

Sanction teardown · District Court, Hong Kong · 2025-08-08

Licksun Company Limited v Occupiers of Lot No. 552

What happened

In District Court, Hong Kong, a filing relied on an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:

  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    One of six authorities lodged by the Plaintiff was found not to exist; court described it as suspiciously incomplete and the Plaintiff abandoned reliance.
  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    A second lodged authority was found not to exist; court noted counsel for 2nd Defendant had identified six non-existent authorities.
  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    A third lodged authority was found to be non-existent or incomplete; Plaintiff's representative did not contradict the point at hearing.
  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    A fourth lodged authority was identified as not actually existing; Court recorded unnecessary time spent researching nonexistent cases.
  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    A fifth lodged authority was found to be suspiciously incomplete/non-existent; Plaintiff said the list was prepared by a non-legally trained employee.
  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    A sixth lodged authority was found not to exist; Court concluded the lodging of these authorities had the effect of misleading the court.

Which AI tool

an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.

Outcome

Not specified in source record.

How Citation Safe would have caught this

Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.

Check a brief before you file it → · See our live false-verify rate

Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1279/Licksun_Hong_Kong_8_August_2025.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).

Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1279/Licksun_Hong_Kong_8_August_2025.pdf

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