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Monfared v. Minister of Citizenship and Immigration

Court
IRB
Jurisdiction
Canada
Decided
2025-06-20
AI tool
ChatGTP
Outcome
—
Monetary penalty
None reported

What was hallucinated

Fabricated: Case Law | IAD found counsel's submissions contained fabricated case law and documents (AI-generated). The panel noted examples of fabricated or wildly misrepresented authorities in the submissions. || Misrepresented: Exhibits & Submissions | The panel observed that documents and authorities in the submissions were wildly misrepresented—similar AI-related misrepresentations were noted in Ko v. Li (2025 ONSC 2766).

Sanction teardown · IRB, Canada · 2025-06-20

Monfared v. Minister of Citizenship and Immigration

What happened

In IRB, Canada, a filing relied on ChatGTP to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:

  • Fabricated (Case Law)
    IAD found counsel's submissions contained fabricated case law and documents (AI-generated). The panel noted examples of fabricated or wildly misrepresented authorities in the submissions.
  • Misrepresented (Exhibits & Submissions)
    The panel observed that documents and authorities in the submissions were wildly misrepresented—similar AI-related misrepresentations were noted in Ko v. Li (2025 ONSC 2766).

Which AI tool

ChatGTP. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.

Outcome

Not specified in source record.

How Citation Safe would have caught this

Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.

Check a brief before you file it → · See our live false-verify rate

Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1721/Monfared-v-Canada-Citizenship-and-Immigration-2025-CanLII-133075-CA-IRB-compressed.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).

Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1721/Monfared-v-Canada-Citizenship-and-Immigration-2025-CanLII-133075-CA-IRB-compressed.pdf

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