Sanction teardown · Employment Tribunals (Leeds), UK · 2025-12-10
Mr J Harrison v Mr D May t/a Leeds Gymnastics Academy
What happened
In Employment Tribunals (Leeds), UK, a filing relied on ChatGPT to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:
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Fabricated (Case Law)Respondent's written submissions contained numerous non-existent case law references; respondent admitted he used ChatGPT to generate the submissions and did not verify citations. Tribunal found at least half of the references were non-existent.
Which AI tool
ChatGPT. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.
Outcome
Tribunal awarded claimant a preparation time order of £2,178; payment stayed pending outcome of EAT appeal. (monetary penalty: 2178 GBP.)
How Citation Safe would have caught this
Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.
Check a brief before you file it → · See our live false-verify rate
Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1676/Harrison_v._Mr_D_May_ta_Leeds_Gymnastics_Academy_UK_24_October_2025.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).