Sanction teardown · TA Orléans, France · 2025-12-29
N° 2506461
What happened
In TA Orléans, France, a filing relied on an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited CAA Lyon decision with number/date does not exist or numbers do not correspond to dates.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited CAA Paris decision with number/date does not exist or numbers do not correspond to dates.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited CAA Bordeaux decision with number/date does not exist or numbers do not correspond to dates.
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Misrepresented (Case Law)Court notes this Conseil d'État decision exists but is not on point for an assignation à résidence (misplaced citation).
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited Conseil d'État decision with number/date does not exist as indicated.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited CNDA decision with number/date does not exist or numbers do not correspond to dates.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited CNDA decision with number/date does not exist or numbers do not correspond to dates.
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Fabricated (Case Law)Court states this cited CNDA decision with number/date does not exist or numbers do not correspond to dates.
Which AI tool
an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.
Outcome
Admonishment
How Citation Safe would have caught this
Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.
Check a brief before you file it → · See our live false-verify rate
Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1280/TA_Orleans_n_2506461_France_29_dec._2025.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).